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Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)
General information
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- Surveillance since 2020
- State : active
- Weekly surveillance : Data are published on a weekly time scale and updated when our weekly report is published
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Case definition :
Visit (or teleconsultation) of a patient with an acute respiratory infection syndrome defined by an acute onset of fever (or fever feeling) with respiratory symptoms
Lastest data
Data of this indicator are updated each week and available at the same time as the weekly report
Find more data and visualization on pages Data access
Incidence rate of {{name}} in France (mainland) from start of surveillance
Last summaries published in our weekly report
These news have been published using available data until their publication. Due to data consolidation, small variation of incidence values can be observed in the next 3 weeks
ARI are caused by a variety of respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), influenza viruses, and other respiratory viruses such as RSV, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus. The purpose of ARI surveillance is to monitor outbreaks of these viruses.
In mainland France, last week (2023w11), the incidence rate of ARI cases consulting in general practice was estimated at 221 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI [200 ; 242]). This rate is stable compared to week 2023w10 (consolidated data: 199 [182 ; 216]).
At the regional level, the highest incidence rates were noted in: Grand Est (391 95% CI [232 ; 550]), Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (291 [181 ; 401]) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (276 [217 ; 335]).
INFLUENZA: the incidence rate of influenza cases seen in general practice was estimated at 72 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [58; 87]), representing 48,145 [38,231; 58,059 new cases of influenza seen in general practice.
This rate is stable compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w10 : 84 [71; 98]) and the circulation of influenza viruses remains active.
COVID-19: the incidence rate of Covid-19 cases with respiratory signs seen in general practice was estimated at 33 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [28; 39]), corresponding to 22,251 [18,305; 26,197] new cases of Covid-19 with respiratory signs seen in general practice.
This rate is increasing compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w10: 24 [20; 29]).
RSV: the incidence rate of RSV cases seen in general practice was stable compared to the previous week, and at a very low level of activity.
In mainland France, last week (2023w11), the incidence rate of ARI cases consulting in general practice was estimated at 221 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI [200 ; 242]). This rate is stable compared to week 2023w10 (consolidated data: 199 [182 ; 216]).
At the regional level, the highest incidence rates were noted in: Grand Est (391 95% CI [232 ; 550]), Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (291 [181 ; 401]) and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (276 [217 ; 335]).
INFLUENZA: the incidence rate of influenza cases seen in general practice was estimated at 72 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [58; 87]), representing 48,145 [38,231; 58,059 new cases of influenza seen in general practice.
This rate is stable compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w10 : 84 [71; 98]) and the circulation of influenza viruses remains active.
COVID-19: the incidence rate of Covid-19 cases with respiratory signs seen in general practice was estimated at 33 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [28; 39]), corresponding to 22,251 [18,305; 26,197] new cases of Covid-19 with respiratory signs seen in general practice.
This rate is increasing compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w10: 24 [20; 29]).
RSV: the incidence rate of RSV cases seen in general practice was stable compared to the previous week, and at a very low level of activity.
ARI are caused by a variety of respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), influenza viruses, and other respiratory viruses such as RSV, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus. The purpose of ARI surveillance is to monitor outbreaks of these viruses.
In mainland France, last week (2023w10), the incidence rate of ARI cases consulting in general practice was estimated at 224 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI [204 ; 244]). This rate is increasing compared to week 2023w09 (consolidated data: 162 [147 ; 177]).
At the regional level, the highest incidence rates were noted in: Grand Est (360 95% CI [260 ; 460]), Nouvelle-Aquitaine (325 [236 ; 414]) and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (313 [210 ; 416]).
INFLUENZA: the incidence rate of influenza cases seen in general practice was estimated at 105 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [88; 122]), representing 69,674 [58,344 ; 81,004] new cases of influenza seen in general practice.
This rate is increasing compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w09 : 50 [40; 60]) and the circulation of influenza viruses remains active.
COVID-19: the incidence rate of Covid-19 cases with respiratory signs seen in general practice was estimated at 25 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [19; 30]), corresponding to 16,256 [16 399 [12,851 ; 19,947] new cases of Covid-19 with respiratory signs seen in general practice.
This rate is increasing compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w09: 13 [10; 16]), and is at a low level of activity in comparison to the past epidemic waves.
RSV: the incidence rate of RSV cases seen in general practice was stable compared to the previous week, and at a very low level of activity.
In mainland France, last week (2023w10), the incidence rate of ARI cases consulting in general practice was estimated at 224 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI [204 ; 244]). This rate is increasing compared to week 2023w09 (consolidated data: 162 [147 ; 177]).
At the regional level, the highest incidence rates were noted in: Grand Est (360 95% CI [260 ; 460]), Nouvelle-Aquitaine (325 [236 ; 414]) and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (313 [210 ; 416]).
INFLUENZA: the incidence rate of influenza cases seen in general practice was estimated at 105 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [88; 122]), representing 69,674 [58,344 ; 81,004] new cases of influenza seen in general practice.
This rate is increasing compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w09 : 50 [40; 60]) and the circulation of influenza viruses remains active.
COVID-19: the incidence rate of Covid-19 cases with respiratory signs seen in general practice was estimated at 25 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [19; 30]), corresponding to 16,256 [16 399 [12,851 ; 19,947] new cases of Covid-19 with respiratory signs seen in general practice.
This rate is increasing compared to those in recent weeks (consolidated data for 2023w09: 13 [10; 16]), and is at a low level of activity in comparison to the past epidemic waves.
RSV: the incidence rate of RSV cases seen in general practice was stable compared to the previous week, and at a very low level of activity.
ARI are caused by a variety of respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), influenza viruses, and other respiratory viruses such as RSV, rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus. The purpose of ARI surveillance is to monitor outbreaks of these viruses.
In mainland France, last week (2023w09), the incidence rate of ARI cases consulting in general practice was estimated at 189 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI [171 ; 207]). This rate is stable compared to week 2023w08 (consolidated data: 189 [173 ; 205]) and remains at a high level of activity.
At the regional level, the highest incidence rates were noted in: Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (341 [221 ; 461]), Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (262 [167 ; 357]) and Grand Est (261 [188 ; 334]).
INFLUENZA: the incidence rate of influenza cases seen in general practice was estimated at 55 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [44; 67]), representing 36,878 [29,234; 44,522] new cases of influenza seen in general practice.
The circulation of influenza viruses remains active but has been decreasing for 2 weeks.
COVID-19: the incidence rate of Covid-19 cases with respiratory signs seen in general practice was estimated at 14 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [10; 18]), corresponding to 9,476 [6,935; 12,017] new cases of Covid-19 with respiratory signs seen in general practice.
This rate is stable compared to those of recent weeks and at a low level of activity compared to past epidemic waves.
RSV: the incidence rate of RSV cases seen in general practice was estimated at 3 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [0; 6]), corresponding to 1,983 [288; 3,678] new cases of VRS seen in general practice.
This rate is stable compared to those of recent weeks and at a very low level of activity.
In mainland France, last week (2023w09), the incidence rate of ARI cases consulting in general practice was estimated at 189 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (95% CI [171 ; 207]). This rate is stable compared to week 2023w08 (consolidated data: 189 [173 ; 205]) and remains at a high level of activity.
At the regional level, the highest incidence rates were noted in: Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (341 [221 ; 461]), Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (262 [167 ; 357]) and Grand Est (261 [188 ; 334]).
INFLUENZA: the incidence rate of influenza cases seen in general practice was estimated at 55 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [44; 67]), representing 36,878 [29,234; 44,522] new cases of influenza seen in general practice.
The circulation of influenza viruses remains active but has been decreasing for 2 weeks.
COVID-19: the incidence rate of Covid-19 cases with respiratory signs seen in general practice was estimated at 14 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [10; 18]), corresponding to 9,476 [6,935; 12,017] new cases of Covid-19 with respiratory signs seen in general practice.
This rate is stable compared to those of recent weeks and at a low level of activity compared to past epidemic waves.
RSV: the incidence rate of RSV cases seen in general practice was estimated at 3 cases per 100,000 population (95% CI [0; 6]), corresponding to 1,983 [288; 3,678] new cases of VRS seen in general practice.
This rate is stable compared to those of recent weeks and at a very low level of activity.
All publications associated with this disease
. Is the Alpha Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with a Higher Viral Load than the Historical Strain in Saliva Samples in Patients with Mild to Moderate Symptoms? Life (Basel). 2022. 12(2) PubMed
PMC doi:10.3390/life12020163
. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies and Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 IgG Neutralizing Activity among Primary Health Care Workers 6 Months after Vaccination Rollout in France. Viruses. 2022. 14(5) PubMed
PMC doi:10.3390/v14050957
. A Cross-Sectional Study of Exposure Factors Associated with Seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies during the Second Epidemic Wave among a Sample of the University of Corsica (France). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022. 19(4) PubMed
PMC doi:10.3390/ijerph19041953
. Seasonal influenza vaccination in pharmacy in France: description and determinants of the vaccinated at-risk population using this service, 1 year after implementation. Int J Pharm Pract. 2022. 30(3):253-260 PubMed HAL doi:10.1093/ijpp/riac007
. External validation of prognostic scores for COVID-19: a multicenter cohort study of patients hospitalized in Greater Paris University Hospitals. Intensive Care Med. 2021. 47(12):1426-1439 PubMed
. Are Posterior Oropharyngeal Saliva Specimens an Acceptable Alternative to Nasopharyngeal Sampling for the Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Primary-Care Settings? Viruses. 2021. 13(5) PubMed HAL doi:10.3390/v13050761
. Estimation of influenza-attributable burden in primary care from season 2014/2015 to 2018/2019, France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021. 40(6):1263-1269 PubMed doi:10.1007/s10096-021-04161-1
. Underdetection of cases of COVID-19 in France threatens epidemic control. Nature. 2021. 590(7844):134-139 PubMed HAL doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03095-6
. Impact of the lockdown on the burden of COVID-19 in outpatient care in France, spring 2020. Infect Dis (Lond). 2021. 53(5):376-381 PubMed HAL doi:10.1080/23744235.2021.1880024
. Excess cases of influenza-like illnesses synchronous with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic, France, March 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020. 25(14) PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000326
. [Preventing Covid-19 after lockdown: For a rapid comeback to "life before"]. Rev Med Interne. 2020. 41(6):358-359 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2020.05.004
. Epidemiology and Clinical Symptoms Related to Seasonal Coronavirus Identified in Patients with Acute Respiratory Infections Consulting in Primary Care over Six Influenza Seasons (2014-2020) in France. Viruses. 2020. 12(6) PubMed
PMC doi:10.3390/v12060630
. Interim 2019/20 influenza vaccine effectiveness: six European studies, September 2019 to January 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020. 25(10) PubMed
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000153
. Unraveling the seasonal epidemiology of pneumococcus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019. 116(5):1802-1807 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1073/pnas.1812388116
. Factors associated with influenza-like-illness: a crowdsourced cohort study from 2012/13 to 2017/18. BMC Public Health. 2019. 19(1):879 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7174-6
. Unsupervised extraction of epidemic syndromes from participatory influenza surveillance self-reported symptoms. PLoS Comput Biol. 2019. 15(4):e1006173 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006173 Link
. Low 2018/19 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) among 15-64-year-olds in Europe: exploration by birth cohort. Euro Surveill. 2019. 24(48) PubMed
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.48.1900604
. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against influenza A in Europe in seasons of different A(H1N1)pdm09 and the same A(H3N2) vaccine components (2016-17 and 2017-18). Vaccine X. 2019. 3:100042 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1016/j.jvacx.2019.100042
. Interim 2018/19 influenza vaccine effectiveness: six European studies, October 2018 to January 2019. Euro Surveill. 2019. 24(8) PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.1900121 Link
. Classification of Spatiotemporal Data for Epidemic Alert Systems: Monitoring Influenza-Like Illness in France. Am J Epidemiol. 2019. 188(4):724-733 PubMed doi:10.1093/aje/kwy254
. Influenza epidemics observed in primary care from 1984 to 2017 in France: A decrease in epidemic size over time. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2019. 13(2):148-157 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1111/irv.12620 PDF
. Baseline characteristics and clinical symptoms related to respiratory viruses identified among patients presenting with influenza-like illness in primary care. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019. 25(9):1147-1153 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2019.01.014
. Dominant influenza A(H3N2) and B/Yamagata virus circulation in EU/EEA, 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons, respectively. Euro Surveill. 2018. 23(13) PubMed
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.13.18-00146
. Healthcare-seeking behaviour in case of influenza-like illness in the French general population and factors associated with a GP consultation: an observational prospective study. BJGP Open. 2018. 1(4):bjgpopen17X101253 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.3399/bjgpopen17X101253
. Shifting patterns of seasonal influenza epidemics. Sci Rep. 2018. 8(1):12786 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30949-x
. Characterizing and Comparing the Seasonality of Influenza-Like Illnesses and Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases Using Seasonal Waveforms. Am J Epidemiol. 2018. 187(5):1029-1039 PubMed doi:10.1093/aje/kwx336
. The potential value of crowdsourced surveillance systems in supplementing sentinel influenza networks: the case of France. Euro Surveill. 2018. 23(25) PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.25.1700337
. 2015/16 I-MOVE/I-MOVE+ multicentre case-control study in Europe: Moderate vaccine effectiveness estimates against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and low estimates against lineage-mismatched influenza B among children. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2018. 12(4):423-437 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1111/irv.12520
. Interim 2017/18 influenza seasonal vaccine effectiveness: combined results from five European studies. Euro Surveill. 2018. 23(9) PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.9.18-00086
. Performances of statistical methods for the detection of seasonal influenza epidemics using a consensus-based gold standard. Epidemiol Infect. 2018. 146(2):168-176 PubMed doi:10.1017/S095026881700276X
. Exploring the effect of previous inactivated influenza vaccination on seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against medically attended influenza: Results of the European I-MOVE multicentre test-negative case-control study, 2011/2012-2016/2017. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2018. 12(5):567-581 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1111/irv.12562
. Estimation of seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness using data collected in primary care in France: comparison of the test-negative design and the screening method. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018. 24(4):431.e5-431.e12 PubMed HAL doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2017.09.003
. Surveillance de la bronchiolite en France, saison 2016-2017. Bull Epidémiol Hebd. 2017. 21:650-7
. Factors associated with non-persistence to oral and inhaled antiviral therapies for seasonal influenza: a secondary analysis of a double-blind, multicentre, randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open. 2017. 7(7):e014546 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014546
. Early 2016/17 vaccine effectiveness estimates against influenza A(H3N2): I-MOVE multicentre case control studies at primary care and hospital levels in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2017. 22(7) PubMed
PMC doi:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.7.30464
. Influenzanet: Citizens Among 10 Countries Collaborating to Monitor Influenza in Europe. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2017. 3(3):e58 PubMed
PMC doi:10.2196/publichealth.7429 Link
. Risk factors for seasonal influenza virus detection in stools of patients consulting in general practice for acute respiratory infections in France, 2014-2016. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2017. PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1111/irv.12523
. Clinical and virological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with acute respiratory infection: a two-year prospective study in general practice medicine. BMC Infect Dis. 2017. 17(1):729 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2823-9
. Early estimates of 2016/17 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in primary care in France. J Clin Virol. 2017. 95:1-4 PubMed HAL doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2017.08.002
. Participatory Syndromic Surveillance of Influenza in Europe. J Infect Dis. 2016. 214(suppl 4):S386-S392 PubMed doi:10.1093/infdis/jiw280
. First nationwide web-based surveillance system for influenza-like illness in pregnant women: participation and representativeness of the French G-GrippeNet cohort. BMC Public Health. 2016. 16(1):253 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2899-y
. Influenza during pregnancy: Incidence, vaccination coverage and attitudes toward vaccination in the French web-based cohort G-GrippeNet. Vaccine. 2016. 34(20):2390-6 PubMed doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.034
. Influenza-like illness outbreaks in nursing homes in Corsica, France, 2014-2015: epidemiological and molecular characterization. Springerplus. 2016. 5(1):1338 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/s40064-016-2957-z
. Improving incidence estimation in practice-based sentinel surveillance networks using spatial variation in general practitioner density. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2016. 16(1):156 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/s12874-016-0260-x Link
. Predicting Fluctuating Rates of Hospitalizations in Relation to Influenza Epidemics and Meteorological Factors. PLoS One. 2016. 11(6):e0157492 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0157492
. Use of neuraminidase inhibitors in primary health care during pandemic and seasonal influenza between 2009 and 2013. Antivir Ther. 2015. 20(7):753-61 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.3851/IMP2945
. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with influenza, clinical significance, and pathophysiology of human influenza viruses in faecal samples: what do we know? Virol J. 2015. 12(1):215 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/s12985-015-0448-4
. Early estimates of 2014/15 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-like illness in general practice using the screening method in France. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015. 11(7):1621-5 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1080/21645515.2015.1046661
. Determinants of follow-up participation in the internet-based European influenza surveillance platform influenzanet. J Med Internet Res. 2014. 16(3):e78 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.2196/jmir.3010
. The representativeness of a European multi-center network for influenza-like-illness participatory surveillance. BMC Public Health. 2014. 14(1):984 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-984
. Effectiveness of 2012-2013 influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness in general population: estimation in a French web-based cohort. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014. 10(3):536-43 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.4161/hv.27439
. Genetic drift of influenza A(H3N2) viruses during two consecutive seasons in 2011-2013 in Corsica, France. J Med Virol. 2014. 86(4):585-91 PubMed doi:10.1002/jmv.23745
. Epidemiology and Viral Etiology of the Influenza-Like Illness in Corsica during the 2012-2013 Winter: An Analysis of Several Sentinel Surveillance Systems. PLoS One. 2014. 9(6):e100388 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100388
. Influenza vaccine effectiveness: best practice and current limitations of the screening method and their implications for the clinic. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014. 13(8):1039-48 PubMed doi:10.1586/14760584.2014.930666
. Web-based participatory surveillance of infectious diseases: the Influenzanet participatory surveillance experience. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014. 20(1):17-21 PubMed
PMC doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12477
. Improving disease incidence estimates in primary care surveillance systems. Popul Health Metrics. 2014. 12(1):19 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/s12963-014-0019-8 Link
. Determination of French influenza outbreaks periods between 1985 and 2011 through a web-based Delphi method. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2013. 13(1):138 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-138
. Evaluating the feasibility and participants' representativeness of an online nationwide surveillance system for influenza in france. PLoS One. 2013. 8(9):e73675 PubMed HAL
PMC doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073675
. When is the epidemic warning cut-off point exceeded? Eur J Epidemiol. 1994. 10(4):475-6 PubMed doi:10.1007/BF01719680
Other pages in this website
Websites recommanded regarding this disease
- Centre National de Référence (CNR) Virus des infections respiratoires (dont la grippe), Institut Pasteur Paris, CHU Lyon
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la bronchiolite (Assurance Maladie)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la bronchiolite (Santé publique France)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la COVID-19 (Assurance Maladie)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la COVID-19 (OMS)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la COVID-19 (Santé publique France)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la grippe (Santé publique France)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la grippe saisonnière (Assurance Maladie)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur la grippe saisonnière (OMS)
- Dossier d'informations générales sur le virus respiratoire syncytial (CDC)
- La surveillance de la bronchiolite, données nationales (Santé publique France)
- La surveillance de la COVID-19, données américaines (CDC - USA)
- La surveillance de la COVID-19, données européennes (ECDC-Europe)
- La surveillance de la COVID-19, données mondiales (OMS)
- La surveillance de la COVID-19, données nationales (Santé publique France)
- La surveillance de la grippe, données américaines (CDC - USA)
- La surveillance de la grippe, données européennes (ECDC-Europe)
- La surveillance de la grippe, données mondiales (OMS)
- La surveillance de la grippe, données nationales (Santé publique France)